ABSTRACT
Essa pesquisa objetivou analisar a relação entre o Racismo Moderno e o Sexismo Ambivalente utilizando os Valores Humanos como terceira variável que pudesse explicar essa relação, tendo em vista seu poder de predição de fenômenos sociais. A amostra foi composta por 200 participantes distribuídos quase igualmente quanto ao sexo, sendo 101(50,5%) do sexo feminino e 99 (49,5%) do sexo masculino. A média de idade dos respondentes foi de 23 anos (DP = 5,41). Observou-se que o Sexismo Ambivalente e o Racismo Moderno estão correlacionados positivamente como também se relacionam com as subfunções Realização, Interativa e Normativa dos Valores Humanos explicando parcialmente a relação entre o racismo e o sexismo. Concluiu-se que as expressões modernas de racismo e sexismo estão interligadas e que os valores normativos, que visam manter a estabilidade social e tradição, podem desempenhar um papel importante na explicação parcial dessa ligação. (AU)
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between Modern Racism and Ambivalent Sexism using Human Values as a third variable that could explain this relationship, given its predictive power against social phenomena. The sample consisted of 200 participants distributed almost equally regarding gender, including 101 (50.5%) women and 99 (49.5%) men. The mean age of the respondents was 23 years (SD = 5.41). It was observed that Ambivalent Sexism and Modern Racism are positively correlated as they are also related to the Realization, Interactive, and Normative subfunctions of Human Values, partially explaining the relationship between racism and sexism. It was concluded that modern expressions of racism and sexism are interconnected and that normative values, which aim to maintain social stability and tradition, may play an important role in partially explaining this connection. (AU)
Esta investigación objetivó analizar la relación entre el Racismo Moderno y el Sexismo Ambivalente utilizando los Valores Humanos como la tercera variable que pudiera explicar esa relación, considerando su poder de predicción de fenómenos sociales. La muestra fue compuesta por 200 participantes distribuidos casi por igual cuanto al sexo, siendo 101 (50, 5%) mujeres y 99 (49,5%) hombres. La edad media de los encuestados fue de 23 años (DS = 5,41). Se observó que el Sexismo Ambivalente y el Racismo Moderno se correlacionaron positivamente, dado que también se relacionaron con las subfunciones Realización, Interactiva y Normativa de los Valores Humanos, explicando parcialmente la conexión entre el racismo y el sexismo. Se concluyó que las expresiones modernas de racismo y sexismo están interconectadas y que los valores normativos, que apuntan a mantener la estabilidad social y la tradición, pueden ejecutar un papel importante en la explicación parcial de esta conexión. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Prejudice/psychology , Social Problems/psychology , Social Values , Racism/psychology , Sexism/psychology , Students/psychology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to translate the Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI) (abbreviated version) for the elderly into Brazilian Portuguese, evaluate its psychometric properties, and investigate if the PSI could distinguish between groups with (clinical group) and without (non-clinical group) a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: The PSI was idiomatically and culturally adapted, and then administered to 256 individuals over 60 years of age who also completed a clinical interview, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)-15, and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). RESULTS: The results indicated satisfactory adjustment and adequate reliability (Ω of 0.83 and α=0.80) for the uni-factorial model. The non-clinical group showed significant correlations between the PSI-16, GDS-15, MMSE, and FAB and its six subtests. In the clinical group, there were negative correlations between the PSI-16, MMSE, and the FAB and the conceptual subtest. The groups differed statistically significantly, with the clinical sample showing the highest PSI-16 score. In the non-clinical group, there were significant positive correlations between age and PSI-16, and negative correlations between education and PSI-16. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the PSI-16 can be used as a valid and reliable screening tool for clinical use in the elderly with and without pathology.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Alzheimer Disease , Psychometrics , Brazil , Mass Screening , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a função de sensibilidade ao contraste (FSC) de adolescentes e adultos jovens. Mediu-se a FSC para estímulos de grade senoidal linear com frequências espaciais de 0,25, 1,0, 2,0 e 8,0 cpg, utilizando o método psicofísico da escolha forçada com duas alternativas temporais. As medidas foram obtidas com visão binocular e luminância média de 42,6 cd/m². Todos os participantes apresentavam acuidade visual normal e estavam livres de doenças oculares identificáveis. As análises apontaram diferenças significantes entre os dois grupos nas frequências baixas, médias e altas. Os adultos foram mais sensíveis que os adolescentes nas frequências baixas (0,25 cpg), e os adolescentes foram mais sensíveis que os adultos nas frequências médias e altas (2,0 e 8,0 cpg). Esses resultados sugerem que o processo de desenvolvimento e maturação da percepção visual de contraste interage de maneira distinta com os mecanismos que processam frequências espaciais.
The aim of this study was to characterize the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) of adolescents and young adults. Was measured FSC for linear sine-wave grating stimuli with spatial frequencies of 0.25, 1.0, 2.0 and 8.0 cpd, using the forced-choice psychophysic method with two alternatives temporal. The measurements were performed with binocular vision and the medium luminance of 42.6 cd/m². All participants had normal acuity and were free of ocular pathology. The analysis showed significant differences between the two groups in the low medium and high frequencies. The adults were more sensitive than adolescents in low frequencies (0.25 cpd) and adolescents were more sensitive than adults in middle and high frequencies (2.0 and 8.0 cpd). These results suggest that the process of development and maturation of the visual perception of contrast interacts differently with the mechanisms that process spatial frequencies.
El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la función de sensibilidad al contraste (FSC) de los adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Se midió la FSC para estímulos de onda senoidal con frecuencias espaciales lineal de 0,25, 1,0, 2,0 y 8,0 cpg, utilizando el método psicofísico de la elección forzada con dos alternativas. Las mediciones se realizaron con la visión binocular y la luminancia media del 42,6 cd/m². Todos los participantes presentaban acuidad visual normal y estaban libres de enfermedades oculares identificables. El análisis mostró diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en las frecuencias de bajo, medio y alto. Los adultos eran más sensibles que los adolescentes en las frecuencias bajas (0,25 cpg) y los adolescentes eran más sensibles que los adultos en las frecuencias medias y altas (2,0 y 8,0 cpg). Estos resultados sugieren que el proceso de desarrollo y maduración de la percepción visual de contraste interactúa de manera diferente con los mecanismos que las frecuencias de proceso espacial.